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Uc de Saint Circ (San Sir) or Hugues (Hugh) de Saint Circq (fl. 1217–1253〔Aubrey, ''The Music of the Troubadours'', 22–23.〕) was a troubadour from Quercy. Uc is perhaps most significant to modern historians as the probable author of several ''vidas'' and ''razos'' of other troubadours, though only one of Bernart de Ventadorn exists under his name.〔〔Gaunt and Kay, 290.〕 Forty-four of his songs, including fifteen ''cansos'' and only three ''canso'' melodies, have survived, along with a didactic manual entitled ''Ensenhamen d'onor''.〔〔Egan, 111.〕 According to William E. Burgwinkle, as "poet, biographer, literary historian, and mythographer, Uc must be accorded his rightful place as the 'inventor' (trobador) of 'troubadour poetry' and the idealogical trappings with which it came to be associated."〔Burgwinkle, "For Love or Money", 348–349.〕 Uc is probably to be identified with the Uc Faidit (meaning "exiled" or "dispossessed") who authored the ''Donatz proensals'', one of the earliest Occitan grammars. This identity fits with Uc's status as the "inventor" of troubadour poetry as a distinct type and his life in Italy (possibly due to exile during the Albigensian Crusade). ==Biography== Uc was born in the town of Thégra to a minor nobleman, Arman, lord of Saint-Circ-d'Alzon, a village which no longer exists but was in the vicinity of Rocamadour.〔Egan, 110.〕 According to Uc's ''vida'', the castle of Saint-Circ lay "at the foot of" (''al pe de'') the church of Sainta-Maria de Rocamadour, which is atop a cliff overlooking the Alzon river valley and was destroyed by war in Uc's time.〔Egan, 109.〕 Furthermore according to his ''vida'', Uc's many older brothers sent him off to receive a clerical education in Montpellier.〔 At Montpellier he learned to read and write and discovered "songs and poems and ''sirventes'' and ''tensos'' and couplets and the deeds and the sayings of the worthy men and the worthy women who were living or had lived in the world."〔 It was through this education that he became a minstrel (jongleur). Uc's gained fame through the ''coblas'' and ''partimens'' he exchanged with the Count of Rodez, under whom he probably served in the Albigensian Crusade, and through the two ''tensos'' he exchanged with Raymond III of Turenne, brother of Maria de Ventadorn.〔 He also had contact with Dalfi d'Alvernha, to whom he addressed one poem.〔 According to his ''vida'', he went into Gascony, where he wandered around on foot—occasionally on horse—penniless. Eventually he gained settled down with Guillerma de Benauges, a countess and viscountess, who introduced him to Savaric de Mauleon, who in turn clothed and outfitted him.〔 According to his ''vida'', he spent a considerable amount of time with Savaric in Poitou and the surrounding regions before heading into Catalonia and Aragon, where he was at the court of Peter II; Castile, where he attended that of Alfonso VIII; and finally León, where he was at that of Alfonso IX.〔 Around 1220 he moved east into Provence, where his ''vida'' says he was "with all the barons", and into Lombardy and the March of Treviso (''marca Trevisana'').〔 During his travels in Languedoc, Spain, Provence, and Italy he probably met many other troubadours.〔Aubrey, ''The Music of the Troubadours'', 232.〕 Eventually Uc is said to have settled down with a wife and children, after which he never composed songs.〔 Uc's association, in Italy, with the da Romano and Malaspina families is evident in his surviving poetry.〔 It lasted forty years while he was in Italy, where he was probably a Guelph.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Uc de Saint Circ」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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